September 26, 2006
LIFE, LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF RUDENESS
Free speech is truth's best hope (James Allan, The Australian, September 26th, 2006)
Why allow people to speak words and draw pictures and convey thoughts that others find deeply offensive?John Stuart Mill's answer was that truth had a better chance of emerging where virtually all speech, even words perceived to be offensive, insulting and, yes, false, was allowed.
It is not just that constraints on speech can be manipulated by those in power to protect their own privileged positions, though they clearly can be and regularly are.
We all know that there is nothing handier to those in power than to forbid all criticisms of oneself. But the point is wider than that.
As the great US Supreme Court judge O.W. Holmes more or less put it: "We don't really know what the true position is. Whatever it is, though, it has a better chance of emerging in the marketplace of competing ideas where everything is open to criticism, even offensive criticism."
In other words, the short-term costs of forcing people to have a thick skin will carry with them long-term benefits that are huge.
People will have their ideas and beliefs and prejudices exposed to potential attack from all sides. Those who can withstand such widespread attack are more likely to approximate truth.
It is more than passing strange to see the same people who deny there is such a thing as truth go on to assert it will emerge from a cacophony of folks yelling out their ignorance and insulting prejudices. People who argue this way are always oblivious to their underlying unstated assumption that offensive speech will always remain on the margins and be drowned out by a sensible majority. However, it is one thing to celebrate tolerating a few wacky Nazis marching through a Chicago suburb, quite another when half a million of them are marching on Washington.
Free speech is to be cherished because it is an incident of democracy and individual freedom, not a pathway to truth. It sits on a bedrock of shared ideas of civility, respect and common sense among the majority and may quickly become menacing if that bedrock crumbles. It is true that societies without a good measure of it are oppressive, but the notion that free speech by itself is a certain route to liberty and prosperity is ahistorical drivel.
Posted by Peter Burnet at September 26, 2006 7:04 AMConstraints on free speech aka political correctness has corrupted our language and our ability to say what we mean. Most people understand that Orwellian newspeak means the opposite of what it says.
I believe we can communicate any thought no matter how offensive it might be to someone's uber-sensibilities, if we keep out the invective, delete the expletives and keep the discourse courteous, ceding as valid, alternate points of view.
Reasoned debate is the ticket.
erp -
Except the things you want to keep out and delete are the only things some people have, and they are the folk doing this complaining about perceived losses of freedom.
Posted by: Shelton at September 26, 2006 9:31 AMPerhaps you mean it (free speech) is "necessary, but not sufficient."
To me, it's a pretty big gray area, and I'd prefer to err on the side of speech.
While I'd be the first to agree that shouldn't enshrine a right to be rude, we live in a time when the frontiers of "false politeness" need to be harshly (dare I say rudely) pushed back.
Remember that yelling "Fire" in an packed theatre is perfectly rational if there is in fact, a fire. The Pope's measured speech and the more aggressive cartoons are good things in this context, and frankly, much more such talk is needed.
Posted by: Bruno at September 26, 2006 9:33 AMErp: You are absolutely right.
In fact, if one's command of the language and grasp of history and literature are adequate he may say what he wills, inviting a would-be critic to attack on ground of the speaker's own choosing.
Freedom of speech should be available to more than the most erudite, however. Going back to Oliver Wendell Holmes, we may observe that while he wrote than the Constitution does not incorporate Spencer's Social Statics, he told us, in other words, that it does incorporate the Data of Ethics. Truth is found in the marketplace of ideas, and the cure for wrong speech is more speech.
This is the genius of Pope Benedict's speech: the weakness of the other side is exposed for all to see. All means all.
Posted by: Lou Gots at September 26, 2006 10:27 AMAnother problem is that "free speech" has for too many come to mean "I must be heard", and "To criticize me is to restrict me." To that first end, they are willing to force others to listen, and even pay for the privilege. What they've failed to grasp is that hearing and listening and understanding are not equivalent. As for the second, that's where the rudeness and incivility kick in. WIthout any feedback, how do they know when they've gone too far? They don't. (Or in the case of some, they don't want to know, because that's the only message they wish to convey.) Combining both you come up with the flag burner or the heckler or the "protestor", for whom the proper response is to shut them down, forceably if necessary, because they are not engaged in speech, but intimidation and suppression and mob violence.
(Combine everything antithetical to "free speech", and you come up with Senator Keating-McCain '008.)
Posted by: Raoul Ortega at September 26, 2006 10:58 AMHolmes really causes me a lot of theoretical anxiety. At his best, he manages to be both degraded and sublime.
Of course, the more time he spent around the socialists and liberals, the more contemptible he became. Remember, this is the man responsible for all the talk about rights....
Posted by: Pepys at September 26, 2006 11:00 AMHe was also the American Ubermensch.
Which is quite remarkable when you think about it.
Posted by: Pepys at September 26, 2006 11:02 AMRaul, to the contrary. McCain-Feingold is right in line with mainstream "free speech" thought as engendered by Holmes. The proponents of McC-F would argue that by removing money and especially Corporate money from politics, they are increasing "free speech". That is, speech by individuals. Of course, you must assume that speech does not = money and that it is possible an advisable to remove corporations from the political arena.
Posted by: Pepys at September 26, 2006 11:36 AMLou, I respectfully disagree that one must be as erudite as you are in order to engage in reasoned discourse. Few, even among the bros, could meet that high standard.
However, I think that all who engage in free speech, no matter their intellectual and educational level, must be prepared to defend their arguments politely and if criticizing others, make sure they don't engage in ad hominem attacks of the genre, "and your mother wears combat boots," which is the left's favorite debating tactic.
Former President Clinton, one of the best politicians in recent history per our host, served up a textbook illustration of leftist debating techniques this past weekend. Dearth of facts and lots of invective.
We've allowed the them to set the rules of engagement. They say there is no absolute truth and feelings trump facts and we don't say clearly and unequivocally -- you're wrong and be prepared to argue the point chapter and verse (a little religious lingo).
It is more than passing strange to see the same people who deny there is such a thing as truth go on to assert it will emerge from a cacophony of folks yelling out their ignorance and insulting prejudices.
They don't. The people "who deny there is such a thing as truth" are now in favor of censorship.
Posted by: Joseph Hertzlinger at September 26, 2006 11:57 AMThe problem with PC was not that it was restrictive, but that it was restrictive in a way contrary to the dominant cultural. It was nothing more than a weapon meant to destroy "white male christians" as a coherent group. Witness the shock and silence when their boy Clinton was caught up in the attempted purge.
Posted by: Pepys at September 26, 2006 11:59 AMFree speech, i.e. political, scientific, philosophical speech, is the pathway to truth. What kind of speech are you referring to, Peter? Only that which meets your standards of civility and with which you agree?
Posted by: Tom C.,Stamford,Ct. at September 27, 2006 11:17 AMTom, when did you become a secular liberal? Don't know about the heavy stuff, but you've got the taunts down pat.
Posted by: Peter B at September 28, 2006 8:06 AM