May 3, 2006
OUR ROLE IS TO DESTABILIZE (via Pepys):
The loose supercannon: The Age of War: The United States Confronts the World, by Gabriel Kolko (Allen Quicke, 5/04/06, Asia Times)
Since World War II the United States has been increasingly willing to use its military might to impose its will on the world. But it is not sure exactly what its will is, and it has never evolved a workable doctrine that specifies its global role and how and when force should be used to achieve its ends. The result is haphazard foreign-policy decisions and ill-conceived military adventures embarked on without an understanding of local conditions and in utter disregard of possible consequences. Besides, Kolko argues, military means seldom if ever achieve the desired political ends. Still, the US goes in, with massive firepower, its smart bombs thinking overtime and its superweapons primed, only to find more often than not that its awesome arsenal is utterly unsuited for the job at hand. Thus it gets sucked in to prolonged, escalating conflicts such as Vietnam and Iraq, and its original intentions are forgotten as it fights on simply to avoid defeat and humiliation - in other words, to protect its credibility as a superpower. The massive human, social and economic damage that it inflicts in the process serves to destabilize regions and create enemies that the US did not have before.Add to this "shock and awe" the increasing economic inequalities abetted by the US-dominated World Bank and International Monetary Fund, and you have the ingredients for anti-American terrorism: desperate people with no other recourse, economically on the brink and having been on the receiving end of US firepower.
If some of this sounds familiar, it's because it is standard anti-American fare. Yet the iteration of the facts behind such assertions is instructive. Let's look at some of them, starting with a very abbreviated list of better-known US military interventions since 1950 (a similar list would have served Kolko's argument well, yet it is missing from the book).
1. Korea, 1950-53
2. Egypt, 1956
3. Vietnam, 1962-73
4. Cambodia, 1969-75
5. Laos, 1971-73
6. Dominican Republic, 1965-66
7. Iran (hostage rescue attempt), 1980
8. Lebanon, 1982-84
9. Grenada, 1983
10. Libya, 1986
11. Panama, 1989-90
12. Kuwait, 1991
13. Iraq (no-fly zone), 1991-2003
14. Somalia, 1992-93
15. Haiti, 1994
16. Bosnia (with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 1995
17. Sudan, 1998
18. Serbia (with NATO), 1999
19. Afghanistan, 2001-present
20. Iraq, 2003-presentA fuller list, such as one provided byZNet, numbers at least 60 US military and/or covert interventions since 1950, excluding shows of naval/air strength, covert action and/or the use of proxy forces where the United States did not have command, and US pilots flying foreign warplanes. Instances in which the US has used proxy forces and/or covert action for regime change, for propping up "friendly" rulers, or to fight communism include scores of countries around the globe: Angola, Cuba, Venezuela, Indonesia, the Philippines, Namibia, Iran in 1953, Afghanistan in the 1980s, Iran again in 2006, to name just a very few.
And all this for what?
For this: "Just 25 years ago, there were only 45 democracies. Today, Freedom House reports there are 122 democracies, and more people live in liberty than ever before."
As to the alleged ideological inconsistency over the years that we've been forcing that evolution, one need only compare this statement, this statement and this one to this one and this one in order to see that the assertion is nonsensical.
Posted by Orrin Judd at May 3, 2006 10:43 AMInteresting aside -- note how many of the interventions listed corresponding to a Democrat in the White House were failures or fiascos: Iran hostage rescue attempt, Somalia, Vietnam, Cuba, and, to an extent, Korea.
Posted by: Pepe at May 3, 2006 12:29 PMWhat did they expect? Bayonets are wonderful things; you can do anything with them except sit on them.
Also Nicaragua, the comrade who wrote the article left out Nicaragua.
Posted by: Lou Gots at May 3, 2006 12:37 PMAnother important thing to remember is that once the struggle with Communism was resolved, the # of wars worldwide has steadily declined.
The biggest problem with his analysis though are his factor generating anti-American terrorism. It is not caused by global poverty (which is declining anyway) who are bombed indiscriminately. It is caused by Islamic and Arab supremacist sentiments fueled by oil wealth and encouraged by governments who wish to displace the anger of their own people against themselves to the US.
It was perpetuated because Cold War politics prevented full scale reprisals. That encouraged the belief that terrorism was an effective means of gaining their political ends. Subsequent inertia and complacency after 1990 did not change that policy. Now that terrorism is receiving negative reinforcement by the destruction of terrorist leaders and assets, we should see support for it drop as it will obviously not lead to victory.
Not all US military interventions have been decisive and some were misguided and should not have been done, but that does not obscure the general advance of American aims and betterment of the world.
America does need a better doctrine that is explained to the American people and accepted so that public support is improved. This will be vital for interventions that result in conflict like in Somalia. Such a discussion and debate is essential because 1) it would mean the govt would authorize less interventions because it knows the public would not support casaulties to achieve its aims, and 2) those interventions that are authorized would receive more support so victory is achieved.
The problem with both Vietnam and Iraq is not that the US cannot defeat insurgents or guerillas. It's that Presidents and Congress fail in securing proper public support for the sacrifice needed for victory and fail to manage morale. Both LBJ and W initially downplayed the strength of the initial resistance and combat needed to secure the ground, both made military mistakes and denied them that eroded public confidence that the leadership knew how to win, and both mishandled relations with the local government.
In the case of LBJ, his opponents were strong enough that this defect became lethal. It appears in W's case that the opponents are not strong enough. However, in both cases such opposition could have been greatly reduced.
Handling morale in war is always tricky and modern communications make it harder than Lincoln or FDR had it. But it is something our leaders will need to improve as the one weapon our enemies use best is against our morale.
Posted by: Chris Durnell at May 3, 2006 12:53 PMNo, it was caused by Wilson's choice of transnationalism over self-determination. In betraying his own and our ideals he bequeathed us an additional hundred years of the bloody Long War.
I'll second that OJ. Teddy was the first, worst Perot.
Posted by: Robert Mitchell Jr. at May 3, 2006 1:22 PMBy the way, what in the world is number 2, Egypt 1956?
In 1956, Israel, Great Britain and France attacked Egypt to undo the seizure of the Suez Canal. Not only didn't the US participate, but we intervened diplomatically in Egypt's behalf and made them give it back.
Posted by: David Cohen at May 3, 2006 3:57 PMOf the eighteen on that list (David is right about Egypt and to include the Iranian hostage rescue attempt is absurd), I count at least thirteen with allies, often desperate ones. Pretty crafty for a loose cannon just trying to impose its will.
Posted by: Peter B at May 3, 2006 5:05 PMChris it's pertinent that in both instances the domestic opponents were/are left-wing anti-American/anti-capitalists harbored within the Democrat Party. The author of this piece is probably the EU version of the same ilk.
Posted by: Genecis at May 3, 2006 5:13 PM