January 7, 2005

LET THERE BE DEEDS, INSTEAD OF BOASTS:

Researchers now able to stop, restart light (William J. Cromie, January 24, 2001, Harvard Gazette)

"Two years ago we slowed it down to 38 miles an hour; now we've been able to park it then bring it back up to full speed." Lene Hau isn't talking about a used motorbike, but about light – that ethereal, life-sustaining stuff that normally travels 93 million miles from the sun in about eight minutes.

Less than five years ago, the speed of light was considered one of the universe's great constants. Albert Einstein theorized that light cannot travel faster than 186,282 miles per second. No one has proved him wrong, but he never said that it couldn't go slower.

Hau, 41, a professor of physics at Harvard, admits that the famous genius would "probably be stunned" at the results of her experiments. Working at the Rowland Institute for Science, overlooking the Charles River and the gold dome of the state Capitol in Boston, she and her colleagues slowed light 20 million-fold in 1999, to an incredible 38 miles an hour. They did it by passing a beam of light through a small cloud of atoms cooled to temperatures a billion times colder than those in the spaces between stars. The atom cloud was suspended magnetically in a chamber pumped down to a vacuum 100 trillion times lower than the pressure of air in the room where you are reading this.

"It's nifty to look into the chamber and see a clump of ultracold atoms floating there," Hau says. "In this odd state, light takes on a more human dimension; you can almost touch it."

She and her team continued to tweak their system until they finally brought light to a complete stop. The light dims as it slows down, so you think that it's being turned out. Then Hau shoots a yellow-orange laser beam into the cloud of atoms, and the light emerges at full speed and intensity.

Posted by Orrin Judd at January 7, 2005 9:04 PM
Comments

And this is believable for exactly what reason???

Posted by: M. Murcek at January 7, 2005 9:26 PM

What the... this happened four years ago? WHY WAS I NOT INFORMED? Heads are going to roll, I tell you.

Posted by: Guy T. at January 7, 2005 10:30 PM

Hau, 41, a professor of physics at Harvard, admits that the famous genius would "probably be stunned" at the results of her experiments.

No. It is and was well known that light travels more slowly in a medium than in a vaccum.

Posted by: Robert Schwartz at January 7, 2005 10:39 PM

"It's nifty to look into the chamber and see a clump of ultracold atoms floating there," Hau says. "In this odd state, light takes on a more human dimension; you can almost touch it."

She and her team continued to tweak their system until they finally brought light to a complete stop. The light dims as it slows down, so you think that it's being turned out. Then Hau shoots a yellow-orange laser beam into the cloud of atoms, and the light emerges at full speed and intensity.

Sweet! Are there any pictures?

Posted by: at January 7, 2005 10:47 PM

Light travels at miles/second ratings depending on the medium. All that they have done is found a very extreme medium.

Posted by: AML at January 7, 2005 11:57 PM

I thought absolute zero kelvin was only 459 degrees below zero Fahrenheit, while the sun's corona was several million degrees. Admittedly a bigger difference than say, the temperatures in Minnesota and Miami this time of year, but when the article starts talking about "a small cloud of atoms cooled to temperatures a billion times colder than those in the spaces between stars" I would like to know how they got things that cold to begin with, before I start wondering how that got light to travel below the minimum speed on most Interstate highways.

Posted by: John at January 8, 2005 12:01 AM

Still Bishop Ussher protested that the earth could not be that old...

Posted by: oj at January 8, 2005 12:31 AM

No wonder it gets darker in my living room when I turn the thermostat down.

Posted by: Dusty at January 8, 2005 3:03 AM

John -- The coldest space between the stars is at 4.3 degrees Kelvin (i.e. Centigrade degrees above absolute zero); and a billion times colder than that is a temperature of 4x10^(-9) Kelvin, i.e. 0.000000004 degrees Kelvin.

It's not easy to get things that cold, which is why it's taken a century to do this experiment. When I was a grad student in the late 80s, physicists were moving from milliKelvin to microKelvin temperatures.

Posted by: pj at January 8, 2005 9:51 AM

When they get light to change speeds in a vacuum, call me. None of this is news.

Posted by: Ben Lange at January 8, 2005 10:10 AM

Turtles, all the way down...

Posted by: oj at January 8, 2005 10:14 AM

"The atom cloud was suspended magnetically in a chamber pumped down to a vacuum 100 trillion times lower than the pressure of air in the room where you are reading this." Since there is no complete vacuum in space either, how close do people want? Too bad they didn't give us the measurement in TOR. Seems like a vacuum to me....

Posted by: Peter V at January 8, 2005 12:24 PM

Guy T.;

The effect used here was first postulated over 400 years ago, in 1678 and verified via experiment roughly 150 years later).

Peter V;

Remember that pressure is also a function of temperature, so the cloud was very far from vacuum despite the low pressure.

All;

I never thought I'd see someone trolling their own website. OJ clearly has not the slightest understanding of what he's posting on this subject and displays no hint of a desire to do so. He fails to respond substantively to any counter-point, instead replying with irrelevant clichés. The only purpose seems to be to abuse the community of commentators who reply in good faith. That's pretty much the definition of a troll.

Posted by: Annoying Old Guy at January 8, 2005 9:20 PM

Definition:
5. [v] angle with a hook and line drawn through the water

My only point is to demonstrate that such things are articles of faith and that folk don't question their own faith lest their world collapse.

Posted by: oj at January 8, 2005 10:24 PM

Light doesn't travel at the same speed in glass as in a vacuum. This is simply an exaggeration of the phenomenon.

Posted by: Joseph Hertzlinger at January 9, 2005 3:21 AM

Mr. Judd;

What, exactly, is the thing you claim to be demonstrating is an article of faith? That c is invariant? If so, this article has absolutely nothing to do with that.

But if you're not trolling, answer one question "yes" or "no": If Einstein hadn't created his theory of relativity, would the GPS satellites have turned out to not need to be programmed to make relativistic corrections to their data?

Posted by: Annoying Old Guy at January 9, 2005 12:42 PM

No.

Posted by: oj at January 9, 2005 12:54 PM
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