October 5, 2004
WILL THE REAL CONSERVATIVES PLEASE STAND UP
Seven years of Labour in la-la land is enough: let's get real (Maurice Saatchi, The Telegraph, October 5th, 2004)
Since their earliest days, Conservatives seem always to have mistrusted theories or blueprints. This caution about utopian and rationalist schemes can be traced back to the writings of Edmund Burke.Although Burke's 1790 Reflections on the Revolution in France, and his Thoughts and Details on Scarcity in 1795, actually predated the widespread use of the term "Conservative" by about 40 years, they can be taken as the intellectual starting point of the Conservative Party.
Burke favoured cold realism over utopian dreaming. He took political philosophy to a new level of hard-headed practical realism. His thinking resonates through Conservative history.
Take this description of Conservatism in a speech made in Edinburgh in December 1875, by the Earl of Derby, then foreign secretary in Disraeli's government: "To distrust loud professions and large promises; to place no confidence in theories for the regeneration of mankind, however brilliant and ingenious; not to compare our actual condition with the ideal world which thinkers may have sketched."
Or think of Quentin Hogg in the 1950s: "Conservatives offer no utopia at all. Of catchwords, slogans, visions, ideal states of society, new orders, the tinsel and finery of the modern political charlatan, the Conservative has nothing to offer. He would rather die than sell such trash. All the great evils of our time have come from men pretending that good government could offer utopia."
Or Iain Macleod, who ended his famous conference speech four decades ago, with this: "Labour may scheme their schemes. The Liberals may dream their dreams. But we have work to do."
Or Margaret Thatcher, who summed it all up: "The facts of life do invariably turn out to be Tory."
Which raises the question of how the Bush doctrine on promoting democracy internationally squares with conservative tenets and impulses. Is it dangerously dreamy itself, or is it a pragmatic, feet-on-the-ground, conservative reaction that aims to save a world drowning in suicidal and murderous utopias?
The Bush doctrine of promoting democracy is a war strategy. It is neither conservative nor French. We were struck by the festering dysfunction of the Middle East that grew a collective brain known as terrorism. The dysfunction is the brain's oxygen. Bush is cutting of the oxygen.
Posted by: JimGooding at October 5, 2004 7:28 AMThe Bush doctrine of promoting democracy internationally, by force, is dreamy and slightly dangerous.
It's not at all conservative.
It's rather quite left-wing, except the liberals don't like it because it's based in religious proselytizing utopianism.
"Pragmatic" doesn't spring to mind when setting out to change the cultures and societies of a couple hundred million people.
Posted by: Michael Herdegen at October 5, 2004 8:26 AM
Nothing is less realistic than to despair of the power of good in the world, or the power of love to triumph.
We have to juxtapose good against evil and put people to the choice. Some will choose good and some evil; then we will know who to kill and who to cooperate with. It is a war strategy as Jim says, and it is the only realistic war strategy.
Posted by: pj at October 5, 2004 8:26 AMBurke favoured cold realism over utopian dreaming. He took political philosophy to a new level of hard-headed practical realism. His thinking resonates through Conservative history.
This is a misunderstanding, albeit common, of Burke. Burke accepted that, from time to time, government became so corrupt that a revolutionary movement was needed. Burke was kindly disposed towards the American revolution and wrote Reflections to demolish the specious parallels drawn between the French Revolution (bad) and the Glorious Revolution (good). Burke's point was that a successful revolution was a rare state of affairs. A revolution would accomplish nothing if it were not the last desperate measure and based upon returning government to a time-tested foundation.
He didn't argue that the French shouldn't have revolted, but that the regime being put in place was worse than the ancien regime. (He might also have been arguing that the right of revolution was restricted to the natural aristocracy as a brake upon the power of the monarch, but that need not distract us now.) As a result, the new French government was squandering the earned power of government to act tyranically when necessary, which would lead in turn to the next revolution.
The easiest application of Burke to the Bush Doctrine is dissapproval. Burke took pains to explain why Britain should not support the French revolution and though he took pains to show that the French revolutionaries were not seeking ancient British rights, he also believed that the shape of French society was for the French alone. But what if he could have seen the future. Burke comes close to predicting that the revolution would lead to Napolean, and we now understand how likely it is that an institutionalized revolution will be expansionist. Might Burke then have thought Britain well advised to go into France to shape the revolutionary government? On purely pragmatic grounds -- yes.
Posted by: David Cohen at October 5, 2004 9:49 AMpj:
Although I agree almost completely with your entire post, your first sentence is a liberal bumper sticker, and reinforces the fact that Bush's foreign policy isn't conservative.
It's unilateral, and effective, and uses total war, which make it unusual for left-wing foreign policy, but nonetheless...
The part that I disagree with is that Bush's plan isn't the only war strategy, nor is it the most realistic. What it is, is the most ambitious.
Posted by: Michael Herdegen at October 5, 2004 2:21 PMThat was excellent, David. It is funny how we tend to associate the greats of the past with one idea and one fixed image of that ideal. Burke has become the poster boy for anti-war conservatives, who (like Peter Hitchens)love to haul out all the same quotes and conjure up images of timeless rural arcadias and isolation from the rest of the world. I think Burke would have been a big fan of the President.
Something similar has happened to Adam Smith, who actually had some very critical things to say about the entrepreneurial character and how awful it would be if everyone shared it.
Posted by: Peter B at October 6, 2004 7:17 AM