July 30, 2004

WELCOME TO PAMPLONA, BETTER GET OUT OF THE WAY:

Wall Street's World-Class Worrywarts (Amey Stone, 7/30/04, Business Week)

Investors have been worrying all summer, and they aren't likely to stop anytime soon, even though U.S. economic fundamentals look near perfect. Growth is strong (but not too strong), inflation remains low, corporations are raking in the dough, and consumer confidence is up.

Indeed, consensus estimates for the preliminary second-quarter gross domestic product (GDP) figure, due out on July 30, are for solid 3.8% growth, although economists at research firm Action Economics are looking for 4%. Second-quarter earnings for companies in the S&P 500-stock index are averaging 24% higher than last year -- the fourth consecutive quarter of 20%-plus gains.

There's more: Corporate America is now benefiting from the largest annual increase in profits since 1984 and is enjoying "extraordinarily ample amounts of liquidity," noted Moody's Investors Service in a July 27 report, in which it estimated the broad equity market was 20% to 30% undervalued.

So why all the worry? In a nutshell: Investors think growth has already peaked. From here, many expect earnings increases to slow, consumer spending to weaken, and housing markets to teeter as interest rates rise along with inflation. As for second-quarter GDP, "the number would have to be pretty dramatically out of line for the market to react," says Zachary Karabell, senior economic analyst at Fred Alger Management, adding, "I don't believe the market is trading on macroeconomics right now."


Hard-core capitalists like to think of markets as perfect information systems which always present accurate values, but when markets are trading on the micro rather than the macro they betray their largely psychological bases and thus their very human flaws.

Posted by Orrin Judd at July 30, 2004 11:26 AM
Comments

The GDP came in at 3.0%, lower than expected. But Q1 GDP was revised up to 4.5% from 3.9% so perhaps Q2 will be revised up as well. And other releases today, July consumer sentiment and Chicago manufacturing for July, were higher than epected.
I read the Reuters writeup on the GDP at Yahoo. I find it interesting that wheneve an economic number comes in below expectations Reuters throws in a "this won't Bush in his reelection bid" sentence/paragraph.

Posted by: AWW at July 30, 2004 11:55 AM

I remember a Psychology Today article many-many years ago that analyzed the stock market from the POV of Mob Psychology and got some pretty good matches between theory and reality...

Posted by: Ken at July 30, 2004 12:09 PM

I don't think they meant the stock markets. They're closer to horse races. All markets have a psychological bases and it's one of the reasons they are useful as indicaters and for establishing relative values between commodities, goods and services.
The invisible hand never rests and may be ignored only at ones peril.

Posted by: genecis at July 30, 2004 1:02 PM

Fundamentals are awful. What looks good is the current pulse of the economy. A pulse is not a fundamental. Someone can have a strong pulse, but if his tryglicerides are sky high, he's headed for a heart attack sooner or later.

The budget deficit is at a record high. Personal debt is at a record high. The trade deficit is at a record high. And all three are headed higher. An economy that can only manage 3.8 growth with this level of stimulus has problems.

This talk of liquidity is nonsense. Companies are sitting on mountains of cash because there aren't any good ways to invest it right now. Should they build more capacity? More car factories? Semiconductor plants? There is no pent up demand. Growth has peaked. This guy isn't looking at the macro picture, he's looking two feet in front of his toes. The "fundamentals" looked even better in 1999, and none of the bulls had a clue what was to happen a year later. They still don't.

Posted by: Robert Duquette at July 30, 2004 2:05 PM

Robert:

The federal debt was 150% of GDP in 1945. This began the complete and uninterrupted dominance of the globe by the United States. It's 70% now.

Meanwhile, household net worth is 400% of GDP. Has any country ever even approached that?

Posted by: oj at July 30, 2004 2:13 PM

"The trade deficit is at a record high."

Until somebody cam explain why this is bad, I'll continue to think that people who say it are just invoking the boogeyman.

They give up cars and TVs and VCRs and clothes and shoes all other sorts of stuff. In return, we give them pieces of paper with pictures of dead white guys on them.

Who is getting the best end of the bargain?

Posted by: ray at July 30, 2004 4:39 PM

Mr. Judd;

I'd be interested in you finding a quote that states that the market is a "perfect information system". The accuracy of the stock market in measuring the economy is inversely related to the length of time you are measuring. Over days, it's basically random. Over decades, however, it's very accurate.

Posted by: Annoying Old Guy at July 30, 2004 5:07 PM

The trade deficit should be at a record high. The US economy accounts for 30% of the entire (official) global economy. There aren't any countries that can catch what America can throw, thus, deficit.

The Federal Budget deficit is at a nominal record high, which is to say, it impresses the rubes.
Otherwise, it's at 3.5% of GDP, which is eminently manageable.

In any case, debt must be evaluated with consideration for what it's been incurred for. By that standard, the Federal Debt growth over Bush's first term is fairly defensible.
The growth in personal debt might be partially explained by the record number of homeowners that now exist in America, which is a net positive.

Posted by: Michael "Pangloss" Herdegen at July 30, 2004 7:06 PM

Michael:

Once you subtract personal debt from home equity and the like it disappears.

Posted by: oj at July 30, 2004 7:14 PM

OJ
In 1945 the rest of the industrialized world was in shambles. We were the world's production line. We produced and the rest of the world bought from us. We were the world's #1 oil producer and exporter. The reverse is true now.

Posted by: Robert Duquette at July 30, 2004 9:39 PM

Yes, we were essentially a colonial economy--getting by on exploitation of natural resources and doing menial labor for wealthier nations--now we're the imperial economy and the rest of the world works for us.

Posted by: oj at July 30, 2004 9:48 PM

"Until somebody cam explain why this is bad, I'll continue to think that people who say it are just invoking the boogeyman."

Ray, read this:

http://www.iie.com/publications/chapters_preview/360/7iie3519.pdf

To summarize, we are beggaring our productive economy. Money spent on foreign goods does not contribute to production growth here. Manufacturing capacity and employment in the US has declined. We are losing muscle mass and replacing it with flab.

Posted by: Robert Duquette at July 30, 2004 10:22 PM

OJ,
Wealthier nations??? Like Germany, Japan, France, England and Italy?

You sound like a Roman aristocrat calling for another peeled grape from your servant - meanwhile he's opening the door for the Vandal horde.

Posted by: Robert Duquette at July 30, 2004 10:28 PM

We're the horde.

Posted by: oj at July 30, 2004 10:32 PM

Robert:

That's just foolish. You can't pay the citizens of a developed nation as little as manufacturing labor is worth.

Posted by: oj at July 30, 2004 10:34 PM

Did you read the article OJ? Service labor is paid less. There is no reason that we need to lose manufacturing jobs to Asia, except for the irrationally high value of the dollar. The only reason that a guy from Bombay won't take away the job of the guy who cuts your lawn is because you can't ship your lawn to Bombay. The guys losing their manufacturing jobs to Asians aren't becoming doctors.

Posted by: Robert Duquette at July 31, 2004 12:12 AM

No. Asia is just a stopping off point. Others elsewhere will be doing the same work for less soon and Asia will be losing manufacturing jobs. The guy's son is a doctor.

Posted by: oj at July 31, 2004 12:22 AM

India is already losing American-outsourced IT jobs to lower-priced countries.

As was mentioned on this blog, Africa will be the 21st century Asia.

Posted by: Michael Herdegen at August 1, 2004 4:19 PM

Africa will be the 21st century Africa.

Posted by: Harry Eagar at August 2, 2004 1:03 AM

Good one, Harry.

Africa and Asia will probably just become more stratified than they are now. While there is a new 'upwardly-mobile' class in China, there are still probably 850 million laborers. Will their lot improve as the financial system struggles to find some sense of balance? India has made gains, to be sure, but the caste/religious issues and the palpable sense of disinterest (to be polite) lead to the worst kinds of evil. And Africa is much worse. Economic 'development' will help, but the West needs to send a sheriff along with the money, and give him orders about killing anyone who filches the loot.

Posted by: jim hamlen at August 2, 2004 10:11 AM
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