April 5, 2004
OVERSTAY:
Cleric followers battle US troops: Shi'ite protests in Iraq cities turn violent, kill 8 Americans (Anne Barnard, 4/5/2004, Boston Globe)
Followers of firebrand cleric Moqtada al-Sadr launched a coordinated uprising against US-led occupation forces yesterday, killing one American soldier in a gun battle near the holy city of Najaf and at least seven other US soldiers in clashes in Sadr City, the Shi'ite Muslim stronghold on the outskirts of Iraq's capital. [...]Many Shi'ites disdain Sadr, 30, as a junior cleric with little religious authority. But Sadr supporters led protests in Kirkuk, Najaf, Nasiriyah, Amara, and Basra yesterday, proving that Sadr has the organizational muscle to deploy followers from one end of the country to the other. [...]
Iraq's most senior Shi'ite cleric, Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, appealed for calm last night, Arabic-language television stations reported. Sistani is more widely respected than Sadr. But some of Sadr's views are widely shared, such as rejecting the US-appointed Governing Council that is making key decisions about Iraq's future government.
The younger, more radical cleric galvanized his poor, urban followers last week after occupation authorities shut down his newspaper, accusing it of inciting violence, and then detained a cleric close to him, Mustafa Yacoubi, on Saturday. Sadr stepped up his anti-US rhetoric Friday, urging followers to ``strike'' at occupation forces.
Yesterday's clashes occurred as occupation leader L. Paul Bremer III announced the appointment of a new defense minister, Ali Allawi, and intelligence service chief, Mohammed al-Shehwani. Bremer portrayed the move as a step toward placing Iraqis in charge of security.
"This morning a group of people in Najaf have crossed the line, and they have moved to violence,'' Bremer said before introducing the new officials. "This will not be tolerated by the coalition. This will not be tolerated by the Iraqi people. This will not be tolerated by the Iraq security forces.''
This is why we should have withdrawn by the end of last year. If the Shi'ites had already been granted self-determination there'd be little for Sadr to organize his factions around. Our presence is a needless irritant and an easy and legitimate rally cry.
MORE:
A Young Radical's Anti-U.S. Wrath Is Unleashed (JEFFREY GETTLEMAN, 4/05/04, NY Times)
In the past year of the occupation, Mr. Sadr has shown many faces. At times he is isolated by the Shiite leadership, at other times he is embraced. In the world of Shiite clerics, Mr. Sadr is an upstart. He is several ranks and many years away from attaining the title of ayatollah, which would mean his rulings would carry the weight of religious law.Immediately after the invasion, Mr. Sadr deployed black-clad disciples to patrol the streets of Baghdad's Shiite slums. His men handed out bread, water and oranges. They also provided much-needed security. Mr. Sadr had seen a void and filled it. In return, leaders in the Shiite district of Baghdad that had been known as Saddam City decided to rename the area Sadr City, after Mr. Sadr's father, Ayatollah Muhammad Sadiq al-Sadr.
Whether justified or not, Mr. Sadr has a reputation for vengefulness. Last April, Abdul Majid al-Khoei, a rival Shiite cleric, was hacked to death by a mob, a crime one of Mr. Sadr's henchmen is now accused of committing.
In June, Mr. Sadr formed a militia called the Mahdi Army. Many groups in Iraq have private armies. But Mr. Sadr's men, estimated to number in the tens of thousands, also formed their own religious courts and prisons.
This fall and winter, Mr. Sadr was eclipsed by Ayatollah Sistani, the septuagenarian cleric who demanded direct elections sooner rather than later and emerged as the most influential Shiite leader. The two do not talk.
As Mr. Sadr's popularity faded, his talk grew more militant.
-7 U.S. Soldiers Die in Iraq as a Shiite Militia Rises Up: A Shiite uprising against the U.S.-led occupation rippled across Iraq, reaching Baghdad and at least three other cities. (JOHN F. BURNS, 4/05/04, NY Times)
Privately, senior American officers have said for months that American prospects here would plummet if the insurgency spread into the Shiite population, leaving American and allied troops with no safe havens anywhere except possibly in the Kurdish areas of the north.Posted by Orrin Judd at April 5, 2004 8:33 AMUntil now, powerful Shiite clerics with large followings in Shiite centers like Sadr City, with its two million people, and Najaf and Karbala, sister holy cities about 80 miles south of Baghdad, each with a population of more than a million, have largely avoided pitting their private militias against the American-led occupation forces, preferring to challenge the Americans politically. Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, considered Iraq's most influential Shiite cleric, has urged followers to protest peacefully.
But on Sunday, Mr. Sadr's veiled threats to stir public disorder erupted into carefully orchestrated violence, with potentially dire implications over the long term for the Americans, and for Iraq.
In Washington, officials said their concern about Mr. Sadr grew daily. "Sistani is playing a not unconstructive role in the politics," one said. "It is not clear that what Sadr has in mind is a peaceful democratic future for Iraq."
At least Bush is sticking to the June 30 date. If the U.S. is currently rethinking it's occupation plans, the turnover should provide some cover for any changes.
Posted by: TCB at April 5, 2004 10:19 AMHe's guilty of incitement to murder US troops. Pick him up, have a drumhead trial and hang him publicly.
Posted by: M. Murcek at April 5, 2004 10:50 AM"needless irritant"
You got that right OJ. Appears that Muslims the world over share that sentiment. Same was the case in Somalia, in Saudi Arabia, in Yemen, in Lebanon, in Madrid, in ah...Berlin,..New York.
Once we stop this irritation everything will be just peachy I'm sure.
Posted by: h-man at April 5, 2004 11:13 AMThought experiment:
South wins Gettysburg, marches on DC and it falls.
Turkey intervenes to free the North.
How long do American Christians tolerate their Muslim saviors?
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 11:46 AM"This is why we should have withdrawn by the end of last year. If the Shi'ites had already been granted self-determination there'd be little for Sadr to organize his factions around. Our presence is a needless irritant and an easy and legitimate rally cry."
Unbelievable commentary OJ. Kindly explain how leaving Iraq to the kind attentions of the Shi'ite clergy is any better than Saddam and his thugs. You don't really think that we invaded Iraq to make it safe for Islamists do you? Pull out? You don't get it. For all intents and purposes, we're never leaving.
Posted by: NC3 at April 5, 2004 11:47 AMNC3:
Wanna bet? Yes, the Shi'ites will do fine without us, the Kurds will be fine, the Sunni have to decide whether they get to stay in Iraq or not.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 11:52 AMAt this point, I have to agree with OJ. As far as I'm concerned the war was a failure when the claims of Al-Qaeda connections and WMD's turned out to be a pack of lies. OJ, being heart-broken over that mean old Saddam, and preferring instead the gentle ministrations of Sistani, al-Hakim and Sadr will still consider the war a success, no doubt.
However, despite the invasion being a class A snafu, once there I felt we should have made a good show. But that involved de-fanging the Shiite clerics. The U.S. has taken the exact opposite tact and cosseted them. Now they're biting the hand that fed them. As a result we'll eventually leave worse off than when we began security-wise.
Posted by: Derek Copold at April 5, 2004 12:00 PMSo in other words the mission to Iraq was only to get rid of Saddam and the WMD threat? You really bought that? We're there to destroy the Islamic Confederacy not to save it. As I see it we either succeed in developing a hunger for democracy and moderate religion in the Middle East among these people or we will be forced to kill millions of them. The proliferation of atomic weapons can not be stopped and once the Islamic clergy has them they will use them.
Maybe I read you wrong and you meant move out of Iraq and move into Iran or maybe Saudi Arabia?
By the way, your analogy of a Turkish military presence in the US doesn't take into account the fact that they would not wait for a Christian uprising. There would be wholesale slaughter as a first not last resort provided they would enjoy the same overwhelming military superiority here at that time as we do there today.
Frankly this entire conversation is bewildering. You and your brother are two of the brightest intellectual stars on the net. Maybe you can expand on your ideas and provide an alternative to the plan I see talked about and developing. I'd love to bring the boys home. How do we do it and make sure the next 911 doesn't leave NYC radioactive?
Posted by: NC3 at April 5, 2004 12:21 PMNC3:
Worst case scenario for Shi'ite Iraq is that it goes through what Iran has, about a twenty-five year theocracy and then a hunger for Western-style democracy. That's a far faster evolution than any Western nations ever experienced.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 12:26 PMOrrin,
You're counting your chickens before the eggs have hatched. Iran has yet to become a democracy. Maybe it will, maybe it won't. So far it hasn't. To paraphrase Michael Corlone, they've been dying of that heart attack for a few years now. Either way, we don't really know, and ceding Iraq to them (though tactically we may have no other choice) will be a strategic defeat. It may indeed prop them up and keep them in power longer than they would have had we stayed out of Iraq.
Posted by: Derek Copold at April 5, 2004 12:33 PMI don't know if we're only going to be worried about "just a couple of years," OJ. And neither do you, really. You're just guessing.
It might be ten or even twenty years, and who knows what can happen in that span of time? That's why the invasion was a mistake. Saddam posed no threat to us, but his potential replacements do.
Posted by: Derek Copold at April 5, 2004 12:51 PMDerek:
Saddam did pose a threat to us. Sooner or later--sooner, if the French had anything to say about it--the "containment" regime would have failed completely, and Saddaam would have been back in the nuke business. A few years after that, there's a mushroom cloud over Tel Aviv . . . or London . . . or Baltimore.
Posted by: Mike Morley at April 5, 2004 12:59 PMDerek:
I agree Saddam was no threat to us, but he was bad for Iraq and that was bad for us. If it turns out Islam is iredeemable I have no problem with nuking the whole region and moving on. But I suspect they ultimately aren't much different than us.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 1:09 PMI think OJ misses the larger picture here. A consolidated and enlarged Shiite empire in conflict with the Sunni countries around it would draw much of the world into economic collapse (oil shortages, among other things), but not before it also fianced and encouraged terror attacks throughout the West.
Withdrawing would be the most counterproductive act we could undertake.
Posted by: rkb at April 5, 2004 2:35 PMrkb:
The Sunni and Shi'ites will go to war with each other but still have time and energy to fight us? Wow!
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 2:58 PMOJ
When shia Iran was at war with sunni (dominated)
Iraq, they had time on their hands to put out death warrants on Salman Rushdie, and sponsor terriost in Lebanon, who were probably responsible for the imprisonment private citizens, and also were connected to the blowing up of barracks of Marines.
WOW
Posted by: h-man at April 5, 2004 3:54 PMThe Marines were Americans, and there were Americans imprisoned for several years.
Remember Oliver North's brilliant manuever at reproachement with Iran in order to have Terry Anderson (?) and others released. I think North felt they were "redeemable".
Posted by: h-man at April 5, 2004 4:18 PMMy mistake I started to say Oliver North being reproached for dealing with terriosts.
Posted by: h-man at April 5, 2004 4:29 PMThey were in a Muslim nation.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 4:31 PMSo that is the state of affairs that you feel should prevail in the future. Americans go out of the "West" and therefore it's open season. Was not Salman Rushdie a British citizen (could just as easily been an American Citizen) and was he not endangered while living in Britain.
The point in this subset of the larger thread is your expressing incredulity at idea that the Shia could not fight against Sunni and scratch their *ss at the same time. They can and if we bug out of Iraq now they may do just that.
Posted by: h-man at April 5, 2004 5:00 PMRushdie asked for it. We should take blasphemny as seriously.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 5:19 PMoj - Sadr is Iran's agent in Iraq. The Iranian government thinks this is their time to bring Bush down and Sadr is following orders.
The Iranian government is not going to be overthrown from within. It has too many terrorists to beat down the population. It needs a shove, before they have nuclear weapons.
Posted by: pj at April 5, 2004 6:17 PMSadr's unpopular even among Shi'ites and Sistani can handle him if we remove the thorn in the Iraqi paw, which is us at this point.
Israel's not going to let Iran have nukes.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 6:35 PMOJ, there's a saying you need to remember: "Hope is not a plan."
If anything, Bush's grand plan was to deliver a fatal death potion to the radical Islamists. Not to just smack them down for the nonce, but to put them on an inevitable death spiral. In order to do so, we have to take enough steps to make sure that we: 1) weaken them enough so that they can't recover, and 2) administer a massive dose of poison.
I have little doubt that we've been patiently waiting for the event. Could have happened anywhere, but it turns out that it happened in Falujah.
Posted by: ray at April 5, 2004 9:40 PMFor the last 30 years, we've been leaving too soon. Time to stop doing that. Time to stay long enough to take care of the problem once and for all.
Posted by: ray at April 5, 2004 9:41 PMThe Islamicists don't matter. Islam does. Reform the Islamic world so that its religion can coexist with liberal democracy and there''' be no Islamicists.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 9:53 PMReform won't happen unless the "virus" is just about dead. Time to kill Sadr and as many Fallujanatics as possible - then see what happens. Just like in Afghanistan - time to kill Heykmatyr and some other warlords. And if the mullahs in Tehran want to fight a proxy war, then start arming these rebels we keep hearing about.
Posted by: jim hamlen at April 5, 2004 10:02 PMOrrin has this fantasy that Shias, unlike all other Muslims, have abandoned the religion's project of destroying all infidels -- who include Orrin.
There aren't any good choices in dealing with this situation, but there are sure worse ones, and imagining that the same sentiments that motivate Muslims in Iran should be encouraged in Iraq is just crazy.
Posted by: Harry Eagar at April 5, 2004 11:53 PMIf they were truly democratic they'd want to be oppressed by their conquerors.
Posted by: oj at April 5, 2004 11:57 PMoj - Israel won't stop Iran from having nukes. They can't even stop the Palestinians from having Yasser Arafat.
Posted by: pj at April 6, 2004 9:54 AMOf course they could, they are just--mistakenly--more afraid of what comes after Arafat.
Posted by: oj at April 6, 2004 9:59 AM