January 10, 2004
FLATTERY, BUT INFERIORITY:
We're All Mac Users Now (Leander Kahney, Jan. 06, 2004, Wired)
Personal computers were invented in the early 1970s, but the computer as we know it today –- a vehicle of creativity, communication and entertainment -- began on January 24, 1984.In a college lecture hall in Cupertino, California, a young, fresh-faced Apple executive called Steven P. Jobs introduced a gathering of Apple's shareholders to a quirky little beige box called the Macintosh.
The fruit of $80 million and several years' research, the Mac was the antithesis of most computers of its era.
Designed for ordinary people, not programmers, it dispensed with blinking cursors and inscrutable instructions for a child-friendly interface navigated by a simple and intuitive pointing device, the mouse.
Right from the get-go, it was built as a tool of creativity, not number crunching. Instead of programming tools, the Mac shipped with software for writing and drawing. [...]
When it debuted, the Mac impressed some, but many were unmoved. It was widely dismissed as childlike and trivial: a toy. (The Mac took off several years later, when married to a laser printer and desktop publishing software).
But 20 years on, it's obvious the machine has had the most profound impact. Although Apple is now a relative minnow in the PC industry, it is fair to say that every personal computer these days is essentially a Macintosh clone, even if it runs Microsoft's Windows. Windows, after all, is the sincerest compliment Microsoft has paid to Apple.
"It's real easy to see that every computer in the world's a Macintosh," said Steve Wozniak, Apple's co-founder, in an interview with the Baltimore Sun. "There was a time when Windows wasn't Windows. They had Microsoft DOS, and DOS was lines you had to type… And the funny thing is, when they switched over -- Windows 95, Windows 98 -- now they've got a Macintosh."
One of the real tragedies of the Computer Era is that older folks (like all of our parents) bought (and buy) PCs, which are far less user-friendly, and so became terribly frustrated with the whole experience, an experience which would have been far more enjoyable had they not been using an inferior operating system.
MORE (via Michael Herdegen):
If He's So Smart...Steve Jobs, Apple, and the Limits of Innovation: The battle over digital music is just another verse in Apple's sad song: This astonishingly imaginative company keeps getting muscled out of markets it creates. So what does Apple have to tell us about innovation? (Carleen Hawn, January 2004, Fast Company)
In terms of its innovative legacy, the iPod and iTunes together probably represent Apple's greatest achievement since the introduction of the Apple II in 1977. First, because they mark an important evolution inside Apple as it moves further away from its roots as a PC company and closer to a new role as a consumer-electronics and entertainment shop. Promoting the Mac as the "hub of a digital lifestyle" certainly indicates recognition that Apple may do better to cut its losses in the PC business. In this arena, Apple may benefit from its consumer focus, artful design, and strong brand equity.Posted by Orrin Judd at January 10, 2004 10:29 PMITunes also deserves recognition as Apple's first foray into business-model innovation. It is, after all, nothing but a novel distribution and pricing arrangement. Apple's ability to get users to pay for songs, rather than steal them, also convinced the recording industry that digital-music delivery was worth supporting. Without this leadership, Roxio Inc.'s Napster 2.0 and Dell/Musicmatch might never have negotiated their own digital-rights agreements.
Still, Apple may have learned these important lessons only partially, and too late. The iPod works only with the iTunes service, and has a $0.99 fee-per-song pricing structure. Dell/Musicmatch and Napster offer consumers more choice. Their Windows-based players and services are interchangeable; they sell individual songs and let users listen to (but not keep) as much music as they want for flat fees of less than $10 per month. Meanwhile, the $15 million or so that iTunes has generated in revenue thus far is statistically meaningless even for Apple. And after it has paid the music labels and covered its costs, Apple is left with just pennies per song. Even using a generous operating margin estimate, iTunes won't turn a meaningful profit until it hits Jobs's stated goal of 100 million songs sold. Jobs has said he hopes to do so by April, but at the current rate of 1.5 million songs sold per week, that is more than a year away.
And the competition is swarming. Dell and Samsung are challenging enough, but this business is about to turn into a battle of the titans. Wal-Mart is launching a cut-price online music store of its own--and now Microsoft and Sony, no less, are joining the fray. So Apple's venture into online music is beginning to look like yet another case of frustration-by-innovation. Once again, Apple has pioneered a market--created a whole new business, even--with a cool, visionary product. And once again, it has drawn copycats with the scale and financial heft to undersell and out-market it. In the end, digital music could turn out to be just one more party that Apple started, but ultimately gets tossed out of. [...]
Sidebar: Getting Innovation Right
If Apple teaches us anything, it's that effective innovation is about more than building beautiful cool things. A few thoughts for innovating well in your own shop:
1. Not All Innovation Is Equal
Technical innovation will earn you lots of adoring fans (think Apple). Business-model innovation will earn you lots of money (think Dell).2. Innovate for Cash, Not Cachet
If your cool new thing doesn't generate enough money to cover costs and make a profit, it isn't innovation. It's art.
3. Don't Hoard Your Goodies
Getting to market on time and at the right price is vital. If that means licensing your idea to an outside manufacturer or marketer, do it.
4. Innovation Doesn't Generate Growth. Management Does
If you covet awards for creativity, go to Hollywood. Managers get rewarded for results, which come from customers.
5. Attention Deficit Has No Place Here
Every innovation worth doing deserves your commitment. Don't leap from one new thing to another. If your creation doesn't appear important to you, it won't be important to anyone else.
The more I use my PC at work, the better I like my Mac at home.
Posted by: Jeff Guinn at January 11, 2004 9:16 AMIt is easy to compare life under MS-DOS as life under the old command and control systems of the USSR. But the difference is that while MS' dominace of the applied technology (certainly not, the innovation) may have delayed the introduction of better technologies, it did provide a solid platform upon which to grow individual computer usage: scalable economics, scalable learning curves, trust. So think of the cost of MS dominace almost as traffic laws (which oj so fervently defended yesteday). In fact, to the extent that the look-and-feel of the Apple OS is now embedded in the genome of MS OS, we have gotten even more Technological bang for the technology buck. We are now at the the true edge of a choice economy for OS with the advances in Open Source development and the entrenchment of its champion, Linux, in this arena.
So in summary: I find little to be sad about the last 20 years of PC technology and I am very optimistic about the next 20.
Posted by: MG at January 11, 2004 9:34 AMMG:
Say that the next time a parent or grandparent biffs their whole system and calls you for help....
Posted by: oj at January 11, 2004 9:40 AMoj -
It would also help if they upgraded to XP from Windows 95! Maybe they got discouraged along the way, but in all honestly I can say that XP is a reasobale product. (Of course the Linux people will laugh at that, but I still don't see many gradpas wearing Penguin shirts.)
Also, life under Mac was not a bed of roses. I remember that infamous "bomb". Perhaps not as ubiquitous as the "Blue Screen of Death", but still annoying.
Posted by: MG at January 11, 2004 11:13 AM"Inferior" of course is a relative term here. One might as well say that a stickshift car is "inferior," which it is by the same metric.
When I use a Mac, I'm frustrated by my inability to tweak the system, and especially by the way it is more difficult to fix when things go wrong. Macs and recent Windows vintages make it much harder to get "under the hood" and really learn how things work or change them.
Of course, there's no reason that the average person, not interested in computers, should want to or have to do such things. Just as the average person doesn't have to drive stick. But that doesn't mean that stick is essentially inferior.
Posted by: John Thacker at January 11, 2004 12:42 PMIt does as an appliance, which is what home computers are.
Posted by: oj at January 11, 2004 12:50 PMJohn:
If you know Unix, you can tweak anything you want in Mac OS X.
Posted by: Jeff Guinn at January 11, 2004 12:53 PMMy problem with Macs is that, because they claim not to crash, they are not prepared for it when they do (about as often as Windows in my own experience, though that's probably due to the quality of Macs I've used), and the situation is far more dire. Windows recognizes that crashes and the like are going to happen, and tend to be more well-equipped to handle it when they do.
Posted by: Timothy at January 11, 2004 1:15 PMApple had a chance when they hired John Sculley, but they blew it when they didn't let him run Apple like a for-profit enterprise. Jobs didn't help win corporate buy-in with his anti-organization bias and his focus on the utopian educational benefits of the computer.
Tim:
My previous Mac crashed every bit as often as a Windows machine. This one hasn't crashed once in the 6 months since I bought it.
As for Windows machines, there is nothing quite as infuriating as having them crash during the precautionary save.
And then there is that vaunted Windows security...
Posted by: Jeff Guinn at January 11, 2004 4:49 PMCarleen Hawn misses the point of iTunes entirely. Steve Jobs has said publicly that the point of iTunes (where the profit is perhaps a penny per song) is to sell more iPods (where the profit is $100 - $200 per iPod). Indeed, iPod sales have quadrupled since the introduction of the iTunes Store, according to Apple. Now that Windows users have equal access to iPods and iTunes, that profit will grow.
Apple has also just put together a co-marketing agreement with HP that will highlight iTunes on their computers and allow HP to sell an HP-branded iPod. Perhaps iPod/iTunes demonstrates that Apple indeed has gotten the message about technical AND business innovation.
Posted by: Steve White at January 11, 2004 6:31 PMI suspect that a large number, though not all, of Windows crashes and other faults are due to two main factors:
1) Substandard equipment, or equipment that develops a hardware fault;
2) An OS that hasn't been tweaked to match the characteristics of the particular setup.
3) Just plain running out of memory.
In my own experience over the last 2+ years using a homebuilt system, I had two periods about a year apart when I was crashing, freezing, or BSOD'ing repeatedly, and both incidents were ultimately traceable to _hardware_ causes (an inadequate power supply coupled with an overly-demanding video card in the first instance, a motherboard whose capacitors had gone bad in the second instance). With good equipment, an OS that has been properly adjusted (in such things as swap file size, file cache, etc.) and an awareness of Windows' limitations, there's no reason why you can't have a rock-stable system (of course, barring the effect of somebody else's third-party software not playing nicely with the rest of your system...)
Posted by: Joe at January 12, 2004 6:35 AMThe Mac/Microsoft argument is the classic,
Boutique vs. Chainstore
quaint village vs. booming office park
As my favorite professor always said...
"You pays your money, you takes your choice."
Apple brought to market products that the mass
market was NOT willing to foot the bill for. What
they had in aesthetic appeal they lacked in flexibility, and expandability. A modern P.C.
can be purchased for
outperform a Mac of twice the price (by objective
standards). Whereas the modern P.C. is a paradigm
of a globalized competitive marketplace, the Mac
applies an essentially mid-century industrial
model to the production of computers.
Jeff:
I agree, Wintel does a HORRIBLE job of providing security.
However, the individual users must share some of the blame.
Robert: Scully (sp?) was, hands-down, the worst thing ever to happen to Apple. When it came time to call Microsoft on the rather large infringement issues attendant with Windows, Scully turned tail and ran. The Microsoft Empire would be nothing had he had the brass tacks to be a man.
Me, I prefered the Amiga: Mac-easy interface, easy to get under the hood, too. Then again, I don't think a new program's come out for an Amiga in this country since, what, '94?
Posted by: Chris at January 13, 2004 5:20 PM