December 1, 2003

IT IS ALL ABOUT THE OIL:

Oil on the flames of civilizational war (Spengler, 12/02/03, Asia Times)

"The coming millennium will go down in world history as a struggle between Orient and Occident, between the church and Islam, between the Germanic peoples and the Arabs," proclaimed Franz Rosenzweig in 1920. These ominous words appear in a collection of the German-Jewish theologian's writings about Islam, published in Berlin earlier this year. It is the most dangerous book I have read in a generation, for Rosenzweig (1886-1929) considered Islam a pagan "parody", "caricature" and "plagiarism" of Christianity and Judaism.

"Why publish a book of Rosenzweig's writings on Islam now? Doesn't that pour oil onto the fire in which the Western world sees the lands of Islam as a feared and despised enemy?" asks the book's co-editor Gesine Palmer, a theologian associated with the German Evangelical Church. A fair question: for good or ill, the Rosenzweig revival is a hallmark of civilizational war.
By coincidence, the neo-conservative icon Leo Strauss was a Rosenzweig protege, having spent 1922-1925 at the latter's Frankfurt Lehrhaus for Jewish education. Later Strauss rejected Rosenzweig in favor of what he called classical political rationalism. In so doing, I argued previously, (Neo-cons in a religious bind, June 5), Strauss became "irrelevant to what neo-conservatives call World War IV because it is a civilizational war, that is to say, a religious war". [...]

Palmer and co-editor Yossef Schwartz of Hebrew University view the text as if it were an unexploded shell left over from World War I, and set out to defuse it. To make a long story short, they reduce Rosenzweig's critique of Islam to a mere philosophical construct, claiming that his philosophical system needed a pigeonhole for a pagan alternative to Judeo-Christian thought, and he found Islam handy. "To belittle Islam implied belittling idealism, such that Rosenzweig used the foreign religious doctrine in order to dismiss a near-to-hand philosophical belief," writes Schwartz. Contrary to the editors' stated intentions, the book will in fact pour oil on the fire. Rosenzweig's critique of Islam resonates with other movements in the present world conflict.


It's essays like this one that make Spengler so well worth reading. It does seem foolish to pretend that this is anything but a religious war, with the only real issue to be decided whether Islam can be reformed radically enough to form the basis for liberal democracy or whether it will wind up a historical footnote. One interesting development that he's missed though is the degree to which neocons have begun to allign themselves with the Christian Right. This is most evident on the issues surrounding bioengineering, where Bill Kristol, Charles Krauthammer, Francis Fukuyama and others have made themselves leading voices of the opposition. The convergence of several factors--their devotion to Israel; their casting the war on terror as a war of the West; and their need for allies--seems certain to drive the neocons ever further to the Right, even on social issues, so that they will end their long strange trip from Trotskyism looking pretty indistinguishable from traditional conservatives.

MORE:
-The Franz Rosenzweig Research Centre
-Franz Rosenzweig Essay and Exhibit (Arnold Betz, Divinity Library)
-Franz Rosenzweig (1886-1929) (Rodiger Lux, Jewish Virtual Library)
-MyJewishLearning.com - History & Community: Franz Rosenzweig

Posted by Orrin Judd at December 1, 2003 9:50 AM
Comments

RE: Bioengineering....I’d love opinions on this one.

The opposition to bio-engineering, stem-cell research, etc. is fundamentally moral, and understandably so. But I came across a possible reason that could reverse that, a reason near and dear to conservatives hearts.

Namely, that China, which has no moral compunction about such things, will likely make a bold play to take the global lead in genetic technologies.

Now, from a business standpoint, this could hurt us, but many can say we have no “business” profiting from immorality, and that is that. Fine.

But what about military? Can we afford to forego not just the deterrent ability to kill large numbers of our enemies, but more significantly, the ability to vaccinate ourselves from their growing ability to kill large numbers of us? Analogously, have conservatives been willing to forego anti-missile tech for moral reasons? Quite the opposite. But will we set aside bio-defenses because it is immoral to dabble in such matters?

I brought this up to one conservative friend, and stopped him cold.

Any takers here?


Posted by: Andrew X at December 1, 2003 11:00 AM

There's a difference between biological warfare and bioengineering. If China is developing bioweaponry then let's nuke the facilities. You lost me on the moral case against defending ourselves against ballistic missiles.

Posted by: oj at December 1, 2003 11:11 AM

AX

On stopping one conservative friend cold.

Congratulations; you've stopped me cold too ... you're on a run.

Posted by: Genecis at December 1, 2003 11:36 AM

Spengler's is a strange rendering, mixing sophistication with silliness to produce a (characteristcally?) perversely seductive argument, which on deeper reflection does not hold together very well, even if it still stimulates.

First of all, in spite of Rosenzweig's brilliant, if too short life, his statement about the coming historic battle between the German speaking countries and the Arabs is, strictly speaking, entirely wrong.

In fact, it was Germany itself, Nazi Germany, with its "pagan 'parody', 'caricature' and 'plagiarism'" of Teutonic tradition, and its attempted replacement of traditional religious expression with worship of the Fuhrer, that ended up fighting practically everyone else, something which Rosenzweig could not have foreseen in 1920, though had he lived until 1933, he may well have had an inkling.

Still, one could argue that it is totalitarianism that Rosenzweig is precisely describing (even if he was wrong about the particulars). Certainly, Rosenzweig (and Spengler) is on firmer ground if one substitutes "Germanic peoples" with "the west". That Islamicist ideology (as opposed to Islam) elides perfectly with totalitarianism of the most vicious kind should be now beyond dispute even without Rosenzweig's "assistance"; nor can it be disputed that Islamicist fanaticism, violence and cynicism have made a caricature of true Islam (though there are those who claim that the fanaticism is a necessary feature of the religion).

So much for Spengler's views that Rosenzweig's warning "pours oil on the fire", for it is a fire that has been burning since at least the Iranian revolution (though obviously for decades before that, as well), and which became a conflagration on September 11, 2001.

Regarding Leo Strauss, since it is the west's battle with totalitarian ideology and structures to which Leo Strauss, having had an intimate knowledge of that struggle in Nazi Germany, devoted his life, to say, as Spengler does, that Strauss is irrevelant to World War IV, is the height of absurdity. For it makes no real sense to distinguish between civilization and religion in the west's battle against a religio-totalitarian ideology where religion and totalitarian ideology are indivisible. (In any event, as seen in Nazi Germany and Stalin's Russia, and reinforced by Mao, Pol Pot, and the two Kims, it is a feature of totalitarian ideologies that they posit their leaders in divine terms, and view the state as the church.)

If, as in radical Islam, a totalitarian entity is buttressed by religious extremism, this hybrid nature makes it all the more toxic. But it is a difference of scale rather than form.

On the other hand, such an obvious hybrid as Islamicism may not be irredeemable, but may, in fact paradoxically, contain the seeds of its own unravelling, as its totalitarian aspect becomes, to adherants of Islam, more clearly antagonistic--and repellant---to the religious principles to which Islamicism is wedded.

The process of unravelling, though, is not necessarily rapid, as evidenced in the distant past by the slow, uneven rates of evolution of religious nation states, where dissent was not tolerated; and more recently by the response of many of Iran's citizens to the repressive mullahcracy under which they've been living for the past 25 years.

If Rosenzweig's views can, by convincingly pointing out the pagan, nihilist tendencies of Islamicism, accelerate the realization that Islam does not necessarily imply a murderous fanaticism and thus wrench Islam from its murderous parody, then far from pouring oil on the flames, he will have performed a valuable service.

If.

Posted by: Barry Meislin at December 1, 2003 12:17 PM

Barry:

Britain and by extension America are, or were then, considered Germanic countries. Indeeed, even Churchill at some points expected the future to lie with some alliance of these three "Germanic" nations.

Posted by: OJ at December 1, 2003 1:53 PM
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