THEY'D HAVE KEPT AMERICA IF THEY'D OFFERED US THE SAME DEAL:

The worst has not happened; Scotland has not seceded from the United Kingdom. But David Cameron will have known some time ago that, whichever side won in the referendum, there would be no victory. This morning, the United Kingdom wakes up to one of the biggest constitutional messes in its history.

Given that the unionists had the best product to sell -- Britain -- it is alarming that they were supported by only 55 per cent of Scots. For months, the opinion polls had suggested far bigger support. The unionists may have won the election, but the separatists emphatically won the campaign. The Prime Minister had to turn to Gordon Brown, and seemingly give him the authority to redraft the constitution at will. He must now accept the consequences.

Ever since the YouGov poll that put Yes ahead, the British government has -- one cabinet minister admits -- operated by one principle: to live another day. 'Nothing less than a modern form of Scottish home rule' was offered, and a vow to keep the Barnett formula was made in a desperate bid to persuade the Scots to stay. Having acted in haste, the Prime Minister will have to repent at leisure -- starting now.

This referendum was meant to settle the question of Scottish independence for good. But few believe it has done that. 'We have heard the settled will of the Scottish people,' said the Prime Minister. Alistair Darling, leader of the Better Together campaign, said, 'The people of Scotland have spoken -- we have chosen unity over division.' Both will have known this to be untrue. There is no such thing as the settled will of the Scottish people, and almost half of them chose division. As one Labour insider admits, 'There's no way this is over.' But this referendum -- and more specifically the scramble to win it in the last fortnight -- has created another question which now threatens to dominate politics.

The English Question is unavoidable, for as soon as parliament returns, the parties will move on the timetable dictated by Gordon Brown. He promised that a motion would be moved in parliament, on the day of a 'no' vote, to agree extra powers for Scotland (he meant powers to the Edinburgh parliament, which is a rather different thing). They will discuss which powers to devolve, focusing on income tax, housing benefit and welfare assessments. According to Brown, there will be agreement by St Andrew's Day (30 November), and a Bill will then be presented to parliament in the New Year and agreed by Burns Night (25 January). The Union is to be rewired at breakneck speed.

Follow @brothersjudd